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Thorntree (Witherspoon House) The oldest known residence in the Pee Dee area, Thorntree is an excellent example of the earliest plantation houses constructed entirely of native materials. Built by Irish immigrant James Witherspoon in 1749, the house possesses a progressive rural domestic design. The house was located in the wilderness and adapted to the New World, but with refinements recalling the good life in the Old World. The two-story frame “I-House” type house has a hall and parlor plan with exterior end chimneys, and full-length piazzas on the front and rear elevations. Its brick piers support hand-hewn heart pine beams. All twenty-four windows have pine paneled shutters fastened with hand-forged strap hinges. The entire interior is pine: the floors, walls, ceilings, cornices, mantels and all overmantels (except two that are plastered). The house was moved from an inaccessible rural site to preserve it. The original site was unavailable for purchase, and unprotected against fire and vandalism. The present site is within the city on land donated as a memorial park. Victorian trim, south piazza, and shed rooms added ca. 1800 have been removed. The house now stands as it was in the eighteenth century. Listed in the National Register October 28, 1970.
J.C. Wilson House The John Calvin Wilson House is a two-story, frame central-hall farmhouse reputedly built ca. 1847. It is believed to have been constructed ca. 1847 by George Cooper for his daughter, Jane McCottry Cooper, who married John Calvin Wilson. The house is representative of the vernacular central-hall, I-House type frame farmhouse that was common throughout the United States in the early and middle nineteenth century. With its hewn, pegged, heavy timber braced frame, the house is also representative of the building technology of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century in South Carolina. A shed roofed, one-story “Carolina” or “rain porch” supported by four stuccoed brick columns spans the façade. The windows are nine-over-nine with paneled shutters. The rear porch, originally similar to the front, was enclosed in the 1870s and two new brick chimneys were built for the created rooms. A one-story frame wing was added to the rear in 1939. John Calvin Wilson served in the Forty Second General Assembly of South Carolina and was a successful planter. Wilson died in Jackson Hospital in Richmond, Virginia, of complications from a thigh wound sustained in the Battle of Cold Harbor. The property includes two contributing original brick outbuildings. Listed in the National Register June 28, 1982.
Black River Plantation House (Rice Hope Plantation, Black River; International Paper Company House) Black River Plantation House is a significant example of Neo-Classical Revival style of architecture in Georgetown County. Built in 1919 by James A. Waddell, it stands on a high bluff at the apex of a hairpin turn in the Black River north of Georgetown and commands a superb view of the river and old rice fields along its banks. The land upon which the house stands has historically been known as Rice Hope Plantation, Black River. In front of the house on the riverbanks is Post Foot Landing at which Waddell built a cement dock with brick steps leading up the bank to the front lawn of the house. The house is two and one-half story house clad in weatherboard, with a hipped roof with a ridge and four external brick chimneys. The riverside façade is considered the front elevation. The portico is supported by four massive wooden columns with Corinthian capitals. A semi-circular fanlight appears in the pediment. The roof of each of the sun porches is surrounded by a wooden baluster and rail. The interior is appointed with finely detailed architectural components manufactured by the Miller Manufacturing Company of Richmond, VA. The house served as a single family dwelling until it was purchased by the International Paper Company in 1942, after which it was used by company employees and guests as a resort. Listed in the National Register March 2, 1994.
Joseph H. Rainey House (Rainey-Camlin House) On December 12, 1870, Joseph Hayne Rainey (1832-1877) was sworn in as a Member of the Forty-first Congress of the United States. This action was a milestone in the American political scene for Rainey was the first black person to serve in the US House of Representatives and served longer than any of his black contemporaries. Local tradition maintains that Rainey was born in this house and lived there until 1846 when the family relocated to Charleston. After the Civil War, Rainey settled in this house and it was from here that he launched his political career in 1867. During his tenure in Congress, it served as his district headquarters and his place of residence when Congress was not in session. He eventually died here in 1877, the house remaining in the family until it was sold in 1896. The 3 x 5 bay residence is an excellent example of the Georgetown single house, set with its narrow end facing the street. It is of particular architectural interest because it retains much of its original interior woodwork. Structural evidence suggests that the house dates from about 1760. The two-and-one-half story frame structure is sheathed with beaded clapboards. It carries a box cornice and a hipped roof broken by hipped dormers. Brick piers support the simple one-story, hip-roofed porch that spans the east elevation of the house. Listed in the National Register April 20, 1984; Designated a National Historic Landmark April 20, 1984.
Hopsewee (Hopsewee-on-the-Santee; Thomas Lynch, Jr., Birthplace) Hopsewee was the birthplace and boyhood home of Thomas Lynch, Jr., a signer of the Declaration of Independence for South Carolina, planter, soldier, and politician, from 1749-1763, when his father sold the farmhouse. It is the only extant house closely related with Thomas Lynch, Jr., the only son of a wealthy rice planter. Thomas Lynch, Jr. entered public life in 1774. He was a member of the first and second provincial congress (1774-1776), of the constitutional committee for South Carolina (1776), and of the first state General Assembly (1776). Built by Thomas Lynch, Sr. in the 1740s, Hopsewee is a two-and-one-half story frame structure on a brick foundation covered by scored tabby, with a hipped roof, dormers, and two interior chimneys. A broad two-story porch or piazza with square columns extends across the front of the house. The frame, comprised of black cypress, is of mortise and tenon construction and the walls are clapboard. The farmhouse has a central hall plan. The mantels, wainscoting, cornice mold, and heart pine floors are all original and of excellent craftsmanship. There are two one-story cypress shingled outbuildings on the property, probably originally used as kitchens. Listed in the National Register January 25, 1971; Designated a National Historic Landmark November 11, 1971.
Richmond Plantation (Girl Scout Plantation) Richmond Plantation includes a manor house and outbuildings constructed ca.1927 as a hunting lodge for George A. Ellis. The property also contains a cemetery and archeological features associated with an eighteenth and nineteenth century rice plantation owned by John Harleston (1733-1793). The manor house and outbuildings are historically important for their association with Ellis, a prominent New York financier and co-founder of E.F. Hutton. The complex is also significant as an example of the phenomenon of the purchase and development of nonproductive southern plantations by wealthy northerners in the years between 1890 and 1940. The manor house, designed by the New York architectural firm of Clinton and Russell, is significant as an example of an American interpretation of the Shavian Manor Style, a style defined by the neo-medieval work of the English architect Richard Norman Shaw. This style is characterized by the high-pitched slate roof and the broad brick chimney stacks which dominate the low masonry mass of the building. The asymmetrical manor house is a 1 ½ story building with a rectangular central mass, and two single story wings, each set at an angle 15° north of the longitudinal axis of the central block. Brickwork is common bond, and the bricks may have been salvaged from a Charleston theatre. The manor house features two massive brick chimneys that hold iron masks, purportedly representing King Charles I of England in a grotesque grimace. Four outbuildings also in the Shavian Manorial Style, a carriage house, dog house, guest house and gate house, are also located on the property. A one story log house, three one-story frame cabins, a cemetery and archaeological features of the original plantation also remain. In 1963 the property was sold to the Low Country Girl Scout Council, who maintains it as a camp. Listed in the National Register November 24, 1980.
William Robertson House (Wampee Plantation Summer House) The William Robertson House is a two-story frame house, sheathed in weatherboard, reputedly built ca. 1844. The house was one of the early planters’ retreats in the pineland village of Pinopolis. It is three bays wide with a hip roofed, one-story porch spanning the façade and wrapping around the right elevation. The main roof and the porch roof are covered with standing seam metal. Two exterior brick chimneys with corbeled caps rise at the ends of the building. The nine-over-nine windows support the antebellum dating of the building. It has wing additions on the left and rear elevations. The house is representative of the vernacular central-hall farmhouse or I-House type as adapted to the summer village of Pinopolis. With the decline of the planter classes after the war, many resort villages turned to commercial ventures for their livelihood, however this was not the case in Pinopolis. Preferring to preserve the quiet community atmosphere of their resort village, the residents of Pinopolis blocked several proposals that would have attracted development. This decision helped Pinopolis retain its integrity as a pineland village. Listed in the National Register August 19, 1982.
Otranto Plantation Architecturally, the house at Otranto is unlike any other surviving plantation house in the South Carolina lowcountry. The house is a one-and-one-half-story building, built low to the ground, a modified rectangle in shape, with an attached colonnaded piazza or porch on three sides. Exterior walls and columns are stuccoed brick. The gable ends have a low parapet with a course of brick as the cornice. Its construction date is undocumented, but it has been speculated that the house was constructed in the early Colonial period, because it is similar to early houses in Charleston. Mention of the house is made in a 1778 deed in which Dr. Alexander Garden conveyed the property to trustees for his wife and son. Construction of the house around 1790 is attributed to Dr. Garden, who bought the plantation in 1771. Garden was one of the most important scientific figures of colonial South Carolina. He was a leader in the fields of medicine, botany, and natural science, and the Gardenia was named for him. The plantation is first called Otranto, a literary name attributed to Horace Walpole’s gothic novel The Castle of Otranto published in 1764, in a deed of 1785. In 1934 a fire occurred, damaging a portion of the exterior and destroying the interior of the structure. The home was meticulously restored based upon photographs of Otranto Plantation before the fire. The yard contains a small frame servants’ house of undetermined age. Listed in the National Register February 17, 1978.
Atalaya (Atalaya Castle) Atalaya is significant for its unusual architectural style seldom found in this country, and as winter home of world famous sculptor, Anna Hyatt Huntington, and her philanthropist husband, Archer Milton Huntington, the designer of Atalaya. It is located approximately one hundred and fifty yards from the Atlantic Ocean within the boundaries of Huntington Beach State Park. The single story masonry structure was conceived by Mr. Huntington and was meant by him to resemble the Moorish architecture of the Spanish coast. Atalaya was built between 1931 and 1933 by local laborers under the direction of contractor William Thompson. Atalaya is built in the shape of a square. It has a flat asphalt and gravel roof with a parapet of simple decorative brickwork. There are twenty-five chimneys located throughout the house capped with copper hoods which rotate with the winds. The exterior walls are stuccoed, with the inner courtyard walls have untooled mortar joints. All exterior walls are sprayed with a gray cement coating to help the building blend in with the environment. The house contains thirty rooms which are connected by an inner hall that runs the length of the northern, southern, and eastern elevations and contained the living quarters of the Huntington’s and their servants. Little alteration has taken place on the home and it looks much as it did when completed. Listed in the National Register September 7, 1984; Designated a National Historic Landmark October 5, 1992.
Thorntree

(Witherspoon House) The oldest known residence in the Pee Dee area, Thorntree is an excellent example of the earliest plantation houses constructed entirely of native materials. Built by Irish immigrant James Witherspoon in 1749, the house possesses a progressive rural domestic design. The house was located in the wilderness and adapted to the New World, but with refinements recalling the good life in the Old World. The two-story frame “I-House” type house has a hall and parlor plan with exterior end chimneys, and full-length piazzas on the front and rear elevations. Its brick piers support hand-hewn heart pine beams. All twenty-four windows have pine paneled shutters fastened with hand-forged strap hinges. The entire interior is pine: the floors, walls, ceilings, cornices, mantels and all overmantels (except two that are plastered). The house was moved from an inaccessible rural site to preserve it. The original site was unavailable for purchase, and unprotected against fire and vandalism. The present site is within the city on land donated as a memorial park. Victorian trim, south piazza, and shed rooms added ca. 1800 have been removed. The house now stands as it was in the eighteenth century. Listed in the National Register October 28, 1970.
Thorntree (Witherspoon House) The oldest known residence in the Pee Dee area, Thorntree is an excellent example of the earliest plantation houses constructed entirely of native materials. Built by Irish immigrant James Witherspoon in 1749, the house possesses a progressive rural domestic design. The house was located in the wilderness and adapted to the New World, but with refinements recalling the good life in the Old World. The two-story frame “I-House” type house has a hall and parlor plan with exterior end chimneys, and full-length piazzas on the front and rear elevations. Its brick piers support hand-hewn heart pine beams. All twenty-four windows have pine paneled shutters fastened with hand-forged strap hinges. The entire interior is pine: the floors, walls, ceilings, cornices, mantels and all overmantels (except two that are plastered). The house was moved from an inaccessible rural site to preserve it. The original site was unavailable for purchase, and unprotected against fire and vandalism. The present site is within the city on land donated as a memorial park. Victorian trim, south piazza, and shed rooms added ca. 1800 have been removed. The house now stands as it was in the eighteenth century. Listed in the National Register October 28, 1970.
Thorntree

(Witherspoon House) The oldest known residence in the Pee Dee area, Thorntree is an excellent example of the earliest plantation houses constructed entirely of native materials. Built by Irish immigrant James Witherspoon in 1749, the house possesses a progressive rural domestic design. The house was located in the wilderness and adapted to the New World, but with refinements recalling the good life in the Old World. The two-story frame “I-House” type house has a hall and parlor plan with exterior end chimneys, and full-length piazzas on the front and rear elevations. Its brick piers support hand-hewn heart pine beams. All twenty-four windows have pine paneled shutters fastened with hand-forged strap hinges. The entire interior is pine: the floors, walls, ceilings, cornices, mantels and all overmantels (except two that are plastered). The house was moved from an inaccessible rural site to preserve it. The original site was unavailable for purchase, and unprotected against fire and vandalism. The present site is within the city on land donated as a memorial park. Victorian trim, south piazza, and shed rooms added ca. 1800 have been removed. The house now stands as it was in the eighteenth century. Listed in the National Register October 28, 1970.
See photo in original gallery.
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